(2) GEOLOGY - PAPER I
Section A: Geomorphology and Remote Sensing. Basic principles.
Weathering and soils, Mass wasting. Influence of climate on processes. Concept
of erosion cycles. Geomorphology of fluvial tracts, arid zones, coastal
regions, ‘Karst’ landscapes and glaciated ranges. Geomorphic mapping, slope
analysis and drainage basin analysis. Applications of geomorphology in mineral
prospecting, civil engineering, hydrology and environmental studies. Topographical
maps. Geomorphology of India
Concepts and principles of
aerial photography and photogrammetry, satellite remote sensing — data products
and their interpretation. Digital image processing. Remotesensing in landform
and land use mapping, structural mapping, hydrogeological studies and mineral
exploration. Global and Indian Space Missions. Geographic Information System
(GIS) — principles and applications.
Section B : Structural Geology
Principles of geological
mapping and map reading, projection diagrams. Stress strain relationships of
elastic, plastic and viscous materials. Measurement of strain in deformed
rocks. Behaviour of minerals and rocks under deformation onditions. Structural analysis of folds,
cleavages, lineations, joints and faults. Superposed deformation. Mechanism of
folding and faulting. Time-relationship between crystallization and
deformation. Unconformities and basement-cover relations. Structural behaviour
of igneous rocks, diapirs and salt domes. Introduction to petrofabrics.
Section C : Geotectonics
Earth and the solar system,
Meteorites and other extra-terrestrial materials, Planetary evolution of the
earth and its internal structure. Heterogeneity of the earth’s crust. Major
tectonic features of the Oceanic and Continental crust. Continental drift —
geological and geophysical evidence, mechanics, objections, present status.
Gravity and magnetic anomalies at Mid-ocean ridges, deep sea trenches,
continental shield areas and mountain chains. Palaeomagnetism. Seafloor
spreading and Plate Tectonics. Island arcs, Oceanic islands and volcanic arcs. Isostasy, orogeny and
epeirogeny. Seismic belts of the earth. Seismicity
and plate movements. Geodynamics of the Indian plate.
Section D :
Stratigraphy
Nomenclature and the
modern stratigraphic code. Radioisotopes and measuring geological time.
Geological time-scale. Stratigraphic procedures of correlation of unfossiliferous
rocks. Precambrian stratigraphy of India India Himalaya and evolution of Siwalik
basin. Deccan Volcanics. Quaternary
Stratigraphy. Rock record, palaeoclimates and palaeogeography.
Section E :
Palaeontology
Fossil record and
geological time-scale. Morphology and time-ranges of fossil groups.
Evolutionary changes in molluscs and mammals in geological time. Principles of
evolution. Use of species and genera of foraminifera and echinodermata in
biostratigraphic correlation. Siwalik vertebrate fauna and Gondwana flora,
evidence of life in Precambrian times, different microfossil groups and their
distribution in India
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