Civil Engineering
Paper-II
Part-A : Construction Technology, Equipment, Planning and
Management
1. Construction Technology:
Engineering Materials :
Physical properties of construction materials : Stones, Bricks and
Tiles; Lime, Cement and Surkhi Mortars; Lime Concrete and Cement Concrete,
Properties of freshly mixed and hardened concrete, Flooring Tiles, use of
ferro-cement, fibre-reinforced and polymer concrete, high strength concrete and
light weight concrete. Timber : Properties and uses; defects in timber;
seasoning and preservation of timber. Plastics, rubber anddamp-proofing
materials, termite proofing, Materials, for Low cost housing.
Construction :
Building components and their functions; Brick masonry : Bonds,
jointing. Stone masonry. Design of Brick masonry walls as per I.S. codes,
factors of safety, serviceability and strength requirements; plastering,
pointing. Types of Floors & Roofs. Ventilators, Repairs in buildings.
Functional planning of building : Building orientation,
circulation, grouping of areas, privacy concept and design of energy efficient
building; provisions of National Building Code. Building estimates and specifications;
Cost of works; valuation.
2. Construction Equipment :
Standard and special types of equipment, Preventive maintenance
and repair, factors affecting the selection of equipment, economical life, time
and motion study, capital and maintenance cost.
Concreting equipments: Weigh batcher,
mixer, vibration, batching plant, Concrete
pump.
Earth-work equipment: Power shovel
hoe, bulldozer, dumper, trailors, and tractors, rollers, sheep foot roller.
3. Construction Planning and Management: Construction
activity, schedules, job layout, bar charts, organization of contracting firms,
project control and supervision. Cost reduction measures.
Network analysis: CPM and PERT
analysis, Float Times, cashing of activities, contraction of network for cost optimization,
up dating, Cost analysis and resource allocation.
Elements of Engineering Economics, methods of appraisal, present
worth, annual cost, benefit-cost, incremental analysis. Economy of scale and
size. Choosing between alternatives including levels of investments. Project
profitability.
Part-B : Survey and Transportation Engineering
Survey : Common methods of distance
and angle measurements, plane table survey, levelling traverse survey,
triangulation survey, corrections, and adjustments, contouring, topographical
map. Surveying instruments for above purposes. Tacheometry. Circular and
transition curves. Principles of photogrammetry.
Railways : Permanent way, sleepers,
rail fastenings, ballast, points and crossings, design of turn outs, stations
and yards, turntables, signals, and interlocking, levelcrossing. Construction and maintenance of permanent ways : Superelevation,
creep of rail, ruling gradient, track resistance, tractive effort, relaying of
track.
Highway Engineering : Principles of highway
planning, Highway alignments. Geometrical design : Cross section, camber,
superelevation, horizontal and vertical curves. Classification of roads : low
cost roads, flexible pavements, rigid pavements. Design of pavements and their
construction, evaluation of pavement failure and trengthening.
Drainage of roads : Surface and sub-surface drainage. Traffic
Engineering : Forecasting techniques, origin and destination survey, highway capacity.
Channelised and unchannelised intersections, rotary design elements, markings,
sign, signals, street lighting; Traffic surveys. Principle of highway
financing.
Part-c : Hydrology, Water Resources and Engineering :
Hydrology : Hydrological cycle, precipitation, evaporation,
transpiration, depression storage, infiltration, overland flow, hydrograph,
flood frequency analysis, flood estimation, flood routing through a reservoir,
channel flow routing-Muskingam method.
Ground water flow : Specific yield,
storage coefficient, coefficient of permeability, confined and unconfined
aquifers, aquitards, radial flow into a well under confined and
unconfined conditions, tube wells, pumping and recuperation tests,
ground water potential.
Water Resources Engineering : Ground
and surface water resource, single and multipurpose projects, storage capacity
of reservoirs, reservoir losses, reservoir sedimentation, economics of water
resources projects.
Irrigation Engineering : Water
requirements of crops : consumptive use, quality of water for irrigation, duty
and delta, irrigation methods and their efficiencies. Canals : Distribution
systems for canal irrigation, canal capacity, canal losses, alignment of main
and distributory canals, most efficient section, lined canals, their design,
regime theory, ritical shear stress, bed
load, local and suspended load transport, cost analysis of lined and unlined
canals, drainage behind lining. Water logging : causes and control, drainage
system design, salinity. Canal structures : Design of cross regulators, head
regulators, canal falls, aqueducts, metering flumes and canal outlets. Diversion
head work : Principles and design of weirs of permeable and impermeable foundation,
Khosla’s theory, energy dissipation, stilling basin, sediment excluders. Storage
works : Types of dams, design, principles of rigid gravity and earth dams, stability
analysis, foundation treatment, joints and galleries, control of seepage. Spillways
: Spillway types, crest gates, energy dissipation. River training : Objectives
of river training, methods of river training.
Part-D : Environmental Engineering
Water Supply : Estimation of
surface and subsurface water resources, predicting demand for water,
impurities, of water and their significance, physical, chemical and bacteriological
analysis, waterborne diseases, standards for potable water.
Intake of water : pumping and
gravity schemes. Water treatment : principles of coagulation, flocculation and
sedimentation; slow-; rapid-, pressure-, filters; chlorination, softening,
removal of taste, odour and salinity.
Water storage and distribution : storage and balancing reservoirs : types, location and capacity.
Distribution system : layout, hydraulics of pipe lines, pipe fittings, valves including
check and pressure reducing valves, meters, analysis of distribution systems, leak
detection, maintenance of distribution systems, pumping stations and their operations.
Sewage systems : Domestic and
industrial wastes, storm sewage–separate and combined systems, flow through
sewers, design of sewers, sewer appurtenances, manholes, inlets, junctions,
siphon. Plumbing in public buildings.
Sewage characterisation : BOD, COD,
solids, dissolved oxygen, nitrogen and TOC. Standards of disposal in normal
water course and on land.
Sewage treatment : Working
principles, units, chambers, sedimentation tanks, trickling filters, oxidation
ponds, activated sludge process, septic tank, disposal of sludge, recycling of
waste water.
Solid waste : collection and disposal in
rural and urban contexts, management of longterm ill-effects.
Environmental pollution : Sustainable
development. Radioactive wastes and disposal. Environmental impact assessment
for thermal power plants, mines, river valley projects. Air pollution.
Pollution control acts.
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