Zoology
Paper-II
Section-A
I. Cell Biology:
(a) Structure and function of cell and its organelles(nucleus,
plasma membrane, mitochondria, Golgi bodies, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes
and Iysosomes), cell division (mitosis and meiosis), mitotic spindle and
mitotic apparatus, chromosome movement.
(b) Watson-Crick model of DNA, replication of DNA, protein
synthesis, transcription and transcription factors.
II. Genetics
a) Gene structure and functions; genetic code.
(b) Sex chromosomes and sex determination in Drosophilla,
nematodes and man.
(c) Mendel's laws of inheritance, recombination, linkage,
linkage-maps, multiple alleles, istron concept; genetics of blood groups.
(d) Mutations and mutagenesis : radiation and chemical.
(e) Cloning technology, plasmids and cosmids as vectors,
transgenics, transposons, DNA sequence cloning and whole animal cloning
(Principles and methodology).
(f) Regulation and gene expression in pro-and eukaryotes.
(g) Signal transduction; pedigree-analysis; congenital diseases in
man.
(h) Human genome mapping; DNA finger-printing.
III. Evolution
(a) Origin of life
(b) Natural selection, role of mutation in evolution, mimicry,
variation, isolation,
Speciation.
(c) Fossils and fossilization; evolution of horse, elephant and
man.
(d) Hardy-Weinberg Law, causes of change in gene frequency.
(e) Continental drift and distribution of animals.
IV. Systematic
(a) Zoological nomenclature; international code; cladistics.
Section-B
I. Biochemistry
(a) Structure and role of carbohydrates, fats, lipids, proteins,
amino acids, nucleic acids; saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, cholesterol.
(b) Glycol sis and Krebs cycle, oxidation and reduction, oxidative
phosphorylation; energy conservation and release, ATP, cyclic AMP-its structure
and role.
(c) Hormone classification (steroid and peptide hormones),
biosynthesis and function.
(d) Enzymes: types and mechanisms of action; immunoglobulin and
immunity; vitamins and co-enzymes.
(e) Bioenergetics.
II Physiology (with special reference to mammals)
(a) Composition and constituents of blood; blood groups and Rh
factor in man; coagulation, factors and mechanism of coagulation; acid-base
balance, thermo regulation.
(b) Oxygen and carbon dioxide transport; haemoglobin :
constituents and role in regulation.
(c) Nutritive requirements; role of salivary glands, liver,
pancreas and intestinal glands in digestion and absorption.
(d) Excretory products; nephron and regulation of urine formation;
osmoregulation.
(e) Types of muscles, mechanism of contraction of skeletal
muscles.
(f) Neuron, nerve impulse-its conduction and synaptic
transmission; neurotransmitters.
(g) Vision, hearing and olfaction in man.
(h) Mechanism of hormone action.
(i) Physiology of reproduction, role of hormones and phermones.
III. Developmental Biology
(a) Differentiation from gamete to neurula stage;
dedifferentiation; metaplasia,induction, morphogenesis and morphogen; fate maps
of gastrulae in frog and chick;organogenesis of eye and heart, place nation in
mammals.
(b) Role of cytoplasm in and genetic control of development; cell
lineage; causation of metamorphosis in frog and insects; paedogenesia and
neoteny; growth, degrowth and
Cell death; ageing; blast genesis; regeneration; teratogenesis;
neoplasia.
(c) Invasiveness of placenta; in vitro fertilization; embryo
transfer, cloning.
(d) Baer's law; evo-devo concept.
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