PSYCHOLOGY
PAPER – II
Psychology: Issues and
Applications
1. Psychological
Measurement of Individual Differences:
The nature of individual
differences; Characteristics and construction of standardized psychological
tests; Types of psychological tests; Use, misuse and limitation of
psychological tests; hical issues in the use of psychological tests.
2. Psychological well
being and Mental Disorders:
Concept of health-ill
health; Positive health, well being; Causal factors in mental disorders
(Anxiety disorders, mood disorders, schizophrenia and delusional disorders;
personality disorders, substance abuse disorders); Factors influencing positive
health, well being, life style and quality of life; Happiness disposition.
3. Therapeutic
Approaches:
Psychodynamic therapies;
Behaviour therapies; Client centered therapy; Cognitive therapies; Indigenous therapies
(Yoga, Meditation); Bio-feedback therapy; Prevention and rehabilitation of the
mentally ill; Fostering mental health.
4. Work Psychology and
Organisational Behaviour:
Personnel selection and
training; Use of psychological tests in the industry; Training and human
resource development; Theories of work motivation – Herzberg, Maslow, Adam
Equity theory, Porter and Lawler, Vroom; Leadership and participatory
management; Advertising and marketing; Stress and its management; Ergonomics;
consumer psychology; Managerial effectiveness; Transformational leadership;
Sensitivity training; Power and politics in organizations.
5. Application of
Psychology to Educational Field:
Psychological principles
underlying effective teaching-learning process; Learning styles; Gifted,
retarded, learning disabled and their training; Training for improving memory
and better academic achievement; Personality development and value education,
Educational, vocational guidance and career counseling; Use of psychological
tests in educational institutions; Effective strategies in guidance programmes.
6. Community Psychology:
Definition and concept
of community psychology; Use of small groups in social action; Arousing
community consciousness and action for handling social problems; Group decision
making and leadership for social change; Effective strategies for social
change.
7. Rehabilitation
Psychology:
Primary, secondary and
tertiary prevention programmes-role of psychologists; Organising of services
for rehabilitation of physically, mentally and socially challenged persons
including old persons, Rehabilitation of persons suffering from substance
abuse, juvenile delinquency, criminal behaviour; Rehabilitation of victims of violence,
Rehabilitation of HIV/AIDS victims, the role of social agencies.
8. Application of
Psychology to disadvantaged groups:
The concepts of
disadvantaged, deprivation; Social, physical, cultural and economic
consequences of disadvantaged and deprived groups; Educating and motivating the
disadvantaged towards development; Relative and prolonged deprivation.
9. Psychological
problems of social integration:
The concept of social
integration; The problem of caste, class, religion and language conflicts and
prejudice; Nature and manifestation of prejudice between the in-group and
out-group; Causal factors of social conflicts and prejudices; Psychological
strategies for handling the conflicts and prejudices; Measures to achieve
social integration.
10. Application of
Psychology in Information Technology and Mass Media:
The present scenario of
information technology and the mass media boom and the role of psychologists; Selection
and training of psychology professionals to work in the field of IT and mass
media; Distance learning through IT and mass media; Entrepreneurship through
e-commerce; Multilevel marketing; Impact of TV and fostering value through IT
and mass media; Psychological consequences of recent developments in Information
Technology.
11. Psychology and
Economic development:
Achievement motivation
and economic development; Characteristics of entrepreneurial behaviour;
Motivating and training people for entrepreneurship and economic development;
Consumer rights and consumer awareness, Government policies for promotion of
entrepreneurship among youth including women entrepreneurs.
12. Application of
psychology to environment and related fields:
Environmental
psychology-effects of noise, pollution and crowding; Population psychology:
psychological consequences of population explosion and high population density;
Motivating for small family norm; Impact of rapid scientific and technological
growth on degradation of environment.
13. Application of
psychology in other fields:
(a) Military Psychology
Devising psychological
tests for defence personnel for use in selection, Training, counseling;
training psychologists to work with defence personnel in promoting positive
health; Human engineering in defence.
(b) Sports Psychology
Psychological
interventions in improving performance of athletes and sports. Persons participating
in Individual and Team Games.
(c) Media influences on
pro and antisocial behaviour.
(d) Psychology of
terrorism.
14. Psychology of
Gender:
Issues of
discrimination, Management of diversity; Glass ceiling effect, Self fulfilling
prophesy, Women and Indian society.
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