PHILOSOPHY
PAPER – I
History and Problems of
Philosophy:
1. Plato and Aristotle:
Ideas; Substance; Form and Matter; Causation; Actuality and Potentiality.
2. Rationalism
(Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Cartesian Method and Certain Knowledge;
Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism; Determinism and Freedom.
3. Empiricism (Locke,
Berkeley, Hume): Theory of Knowledge; Substance and Qualities; Self and God; Scepticism.
4. Kant: Possibility of
Synthetic a priori Judgments; Space and Time; Categories; Ideas of Reason; Antinomies;
Critique of Proofs for the Existence of God
5. Hegel: Dialectical
Method; Absolute Idealism
6. Moore, Russell and
Early Wittgenstein: Defence of Commonsense; Refutation of Idealism; Logical Atomism;
Logical Constructions; Incomplete Symbols; Picture Theory of Meaning; Saying
and Showing.
7. Logical Positivism:
Verification Theory of Meaning; Rejection of Metaphysics; Linguistic Theory of Necessary
Propositions.
8. Later Wittgenstein:
Meaning and Use; Language-games; Critique of Private Language.
9. Phenomenology
(Husserl): Method; Theory of Essences; Avoidance of Psychologism.
10. Existentialism
(Kierkegaard, Sartre, Heidegger): Existence and Essence; Choice, Responsibility
and Authentic Existence; Being-in-the –world and Temporality.
11. Quine and Strawson:
Critique of Empiricism; Theory of Basic Particulars and Persons.
12. Cârvâka : Theory of
Knowledge; Rejection of Transcendent Entities.
13. Jainism: Theory of
Reality; Saptabhaòginaya; Bondage and Liberation.
14. Schools of Buddhism:
Pratîtyasamutpâda; Ksanikavada, Nairâtmyavâda.
15. Nyâya- Vaiúesika: Theory
of Categories; Theory of Appearance; Theory of Pramâna; Self, Liberation; God;
Proofs for the Existence of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of
Creation.
16.
Sâmkhya: Prakrti; Purusa; Causation; Liberation.
17.
Yoga: Citta; Cittavrtti; Klesas; Samadhi; Kaivalya.
18.
Mimâmsâ: Theory of Knowledge.
19.
Schools of Vedânta: Brahman; Îúvara; Âtman; Jiva; Jagat; Mâyâ; Avidyâ; Adhyâsa;
Moksa;
Aprthaksiddhi;
Pancavidhabheda
20. Aurobindo:
Evolution, Involution; Integral Yoga.
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